REFERENCES

BASIC ETHICS OF REFERENCES
I do not refer to patients by name. It is illegal to reveal a patient's identity and every patient has the right to his or her integrity.

On this page the references for LASER therapy include more than 150 studies connected to the treatment of inner ear disorders and somatosensory tinnitus. There are 100 positive scientific studies and reports about audiological and ENT treatment with LASER light and more than 20 studies supporting LASER therapy on CMD (Crano Mandibukar Disorders) and TMJ (TemporoMandibular Joint) and tinnitus caused by these disorders. The treatment of inner ear related tinnitus with LASER light is based upon several Gold Standard studies. There are more than 50 studies supporting pulsed electromagnetic field as a therapy for inner ear disorders.

The scientific references speak their obvious language. There is no reason to ask someone who is not familiar with all these studies whether the therapies do work or not. If the situation would have been that they would not have been effective therapies then these studies would not have been existing.

LASER MEDICAL ORGANISATIONS
Anyone who wants to know more can always search the Internet for more information about LASER medical research and LASER medical knowledge. The homepage Laser World is a very informative homepage. You can also find links to LASER medical organisations there, to LASER medical research and to LASER medical literature. NALMCA is a medical academy aiming to connect specialists and researchers in the neurological, audiological and vestibular field using medical LASER as a treatment tool.

SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES:

LASER studies, reports and literature in ENT treatment [104]:

  1. Andersen F, Deterville G. Evaluation of dysfunction grade using Soft Laser. IHA-GfK AG, Hergiswil, 2005: 9405696/1013051.
  2. Belkahia A. Biological effects of laser beams in otolaryngology. Medical application approach. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac. 1971 Sep; 88 (9): 467-473.
  3. Berezin I, Berikashvili V, Ivanov B, Pluzhnikov M, Samsonova I. Light-guide instruments for low-intensity laser therapy in ORL practice. Med Tekh. 1985 Nov-Dec; (6): 42-43.
  4. Beyer W, Baumgartner R, Tauber S. Dosimetric Analysis for Low-Level-Lasertherapy (LLLT) of the Human inner Ear. Proc BiOS Europe'98, 8-12 Sept 1998, Stockholm, Sweden.
  5. Beyer W, Baumgartner R, Tauber S. Dosimetric analysis for low-level-lasertherapy (LLLT) of the human inner ear at 593nm and 633nm. Proc. SPIE Vol. 3569, p. 56-59, Effects of Low-Power Light on Biological Systems IV, Giovanni F. Bottiroli; Tiina I. Karu; Rachel Lubart; Eds. (SPIE Homepage) Publication Date: Dec 1998.
  6. Bogomilskii M, Fitenko L, Diakonova I, Tikhomirov A, Minasian V. Effects of low-energy laser irradiation on the functional state of the acoustic analyzer. Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1989; 2: 29-34.
  7. Bykov V, Martyniuk L. Low-energy laser irradiation in the complex treatment of patients with ear diseases. Voprosy Kurortologii, Fizioterapi i Lechebnoi Fizicheskoi Kultury. 1985; (2): 60-62.
  8. Backman M. LASER therapy in the combined treatment of hyperacusis, a prospective clinical study - a preliminary report from a clinical pilot study. Oral presentation, Neurootological and Equilibriometric Society, International Tinnitus Symposium, Prague, the Czech Republic, 30th March, 2004.
  9. Backman M. Hyperacusis Treatment with a Combination of Low Level Laser light, Anti-Oxidant Control and Pulsed Electromagnetic Field - A Clinical Pilot Study. Journal of Vestibular Research. 2004; (14) 2/3: 184.
  10. Backman M. Hyperacusis as a Treatment Modality. Otoneurological Days, Prague, March 2005.
  11. Backman M. LASER therapy in the combined treatment of hyperacusis, a prospective clinical study on 245 observations. Oral presentation at the LASER medical congress, LASER PRAHA, 17th September 2005, European Medical Laser Association, Prague, 2005.
  12. Cuda D, De Caria A. Combined counselling and low level laser stimulation effectiveness in the treatment of disturbing chronic tinnitus. Diagnosis and Treatment Tinitus Center (CeSCA) Department of Otolaryngology, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza Hospital, Piacenza, Italy. Accepted for Publication year 2008 in The International Tinnitus Journal.
  13. Flock A, Flock B, Scarfone E. Laser scanning confocal microscopy of the hearing organ: fluorochrome-dependent cellular damage is seen after exposure. Journal of Neurocytology. 1998; 27: 507-516.
  14. Flock A, Flock B, Fridberger A, Scarfone E, Ulfendahl M. Supporting cells contribute to control of hearing sensitivity. J Neurosci. 1999 Jun 1; 19 (11): 4498-4507.
  15. Fridberger A, Ren T. Local mechanical stimulation of the hearing organ by laser irradiation. Neuroreport. 2006 Jan 23; 17 (1): 33-37.
  16. Funai H, Hara M, Nomura Y. An electrophysiological study on the effect of laser irradiation of round window membrane in the guinea pig. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1988; 456: 92-97.
  17. Gable P. A pilot study on Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) for otitis externa - swimmers ear. Implications for competitive swimmers. Proc. WALT 2002, Tokyo, Japan, June 2002.
  18. Gogeliia A. Efficiency of Low Level Laser Therapy in Otology. Annals of Biomedical Research and Education , 2002 April/June, Volume 2, Issue 2, 151-153.
  19. Gogeliia A, Chabashvili N, Matiashvili M, Kasradze P. Experience on treatment of children with otorhinolaryngological diseases by low intensity laser irradiation. Georgian Med News. 2006; (130): 84-86.
  20. Gungor A, Dogru S, Cincik H, Erkul E, Poyrazoglu E. Effectiveness of transmeatal low power laser irradiation for chronic tinnitus. Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 2007; Jul 12: 1-5.
  21. Hahn A, Sejna I, Stolbova K, Cocek A. Combined laser-EGb 761 tinnitus therapy. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 2001; 545: 92-93.
  22. Hahn A. Combined tinnitus therapy with soft laser and EGb 761. Oral presentation at Bárány Society Meeting in Bell Harbor International Conference Center, Seattle, Washington State, USA. September 26-29, 2002.
  23. Hahn A, Radkova L, Achiemere G, Klement V, Alpini D, Strouhal J. Multimodal therapy for chronic tinnitus. Int Tinnitus J. 2008; 14 (1): 69-72.
  24. Hubacek J. Our Experience with CO2 and He-Ne Lasers. Acta Chir. Plast.1983; 25: 229-238.
  25. Hubacek J, Hlozek Z. Non-invasive Lasertherapy. Otorhinolaryngology. 1984: 72-86.
  26. Hubacek J, Hlozek Z, Prucek I. Experience with the He-Ne laser in otorhinolaryngology. Cesk Otolaryngology. 1984; Jun; 33 (3): 135-139.
  27. Hubacek J.: Experience with the Use of LLLT in ENT Medicine. Laser Partner 2000; No. 22.
  28. Izzo A, Richter C, Jansen E, Walsh J. Laser Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2006; 38 (8): 745-753.
  29. Izzo A, Suh E, Pathria J, Walsh J, Whitlon D, Richter C. Selectivity ofneural stimulation in the auditory system: a comparison of optic and electric stimuli. J Biomed Opt. 2007 Mar-Apr; 12 (2): 021008.
  30. Izzo A, Walsh J, Jansen E, Bendett M, Webb J, Ralph H, Richter C. Optical parameter variability in laser nerve stimulation: a study of pulse duration, repetition rate and wavelength. IEEE Trans Biomer Eng. 2007 Jun; 54 (6 Pt 1): 1108-1114.
  31. Izzo A, Walsh J, Ralph H, Webb J, Bendett M, Wells J, Richter C. Laser stimulation of auditory neurons: effect of shorter pulse duration and penetration depth. Biophys J. 2008 Apr, 15; 94 (8): 3159-3166.
  32. Jamali Y, Jovanovic S, Schönfeld U, Anft D, Ertl T, Scherer H, Berghaus A, Müller G. Effect of the pulsed Er:YSGG and Ho:YAG laser on the organ of Corti of the guinea pig cochlear--a scanning electron microscopy study. Laryngorhinootologie. 1998 Dec; 77 (12): 689-694.
  33. Jovanovic S, Anft D, Schönfeld U, Berghaus A, Scherer H. Influence of CO2 laser application to the guinea-pig cochlea on compound action potentials. Am J Otol. 1999 Mar; 20 (2): 166-173.
  34. Jovanovic S, Jamali Y, Anft D, Schönfeld U, Scherer H, Müller G. Influence of pulsed laser irradiation on the morphology and function of the guinea pig cochlea. Hear Res. 2000 Jun; 144 (1-2): 97-108.
  35. Juberg R. Molde-model - a pilot study on tinnitus treatment with Low Level Laser Therapy in combination with holistic therapy. Material published at Tinnituskontakt i More og Romsdal & Kristiansund og Omegn Horselforening. Molde, Norway. 2003.
  36. Karabaev E, Nasretdinov T et al. Laser therapy use in the treatment of recurrent purulent otitides media / Theses of International Symposium of Laser surgery and Laser medicine. Part II - Samarkand 1988, p. 231-233.
  37. Kharaishvili G, Gogeliia A. Changes of blood paramagnetic centres of animals irradiated with low-intensity laser. Georgian Med News. 2006 Apr; (133): 108-110. Russian.
  38. Kolaylioglu A. Healing of Perforated Tympanic Membrane, Evidence material published on the internet. www.laser.nu/tlc.
  39. Korepanov V. Laser therapy in cardiology, otolaryngopathology and pulmonology. Moscow 1995, p. 23.
  40. Lapchenko A, Gedzik V. Use of semiconductor laser in the treatment of various inflammatory ORL diseases. Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1991; (5): 14-16.
  41. Lapchenko A,. High-energy laser radiation in otorhinolaryngology: past and future. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2002; (3): 61-64.
  42. Lapchenko A,. Low-energy laser radiation in otorhinolaryngology: history and current opportunities. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2002; (4): 51-54.
  43. Lapchenko A. Current potentialities of laser radiation in otorhinolaryngological practice. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2006; (5): 59-62.
  44. Lin S, Sun A, Tian S, Cao P. Occlusion the posterior semicircular canal using laser for treatment the complex benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2005 Jan; 40 (1): 77.
  45. Lukashkin A, Walling M, Russell I. Power amplification in the mammalian cochlea. Curr Biol. 2007 Aug 7; 17 (15): 1340-1344.
  46. Marti P. Treatment through otolaser in combination with magnetic field therapy and oxygen-multistep-therapy. Cosmopolitan University & Universidad autonomo Gabriel Rene Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. 2001. Material published on the Internet.
  47. Medlicott M, Harris S. A systematic review of the effectiveness of exercise, manual therapy, electrotherapy, relaxation training, and biofeedback in the management of temporomandibular disorder. Phys Ther. 2006 Jul; 86 (7): 955-973. Review.
  48. Mishenkin N, Dashkevich Y et al. Treatment of the chronic purulent otitis media with Laser irradiation energy / Regional scientific-practical conference and scientific session of Moscow Scientific Research Institute of ear, throat and nose - Rostov-on-Don 1979, 110-111.
  49. Mishenkin N, Tikhomirov V, Kachaeva I. Determination of the nature of vascular reactions to the action of helium-neon laser radiation using an otorheographic method. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 1985; (3): 65-67.
  50. Mishenkin N, Tikhomirov V, Krotov I, Konev V. Laser therapy in the early postoperative period following sanitizing surgery of the ear using a closed method (experimental study). Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1988; (6): 75-76.
  51. Mishenkin N, Krotov I. Helium-neon lasers in clinical and experimental otology. Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1990; 3: 71-77.
  52. Michenkin N, Tikhomirov V, Krotov I. Effects of helium-neon laser energy on the tissues of the middle ear in the presence of biological fluids and drug solutions. Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1990; 5: 18-21.
  53. Mueller-Kortkramp M. An alternative therapy for Tinnitus by combining the power of the impulse laser with ginkgo-extract (EGb 761). Oral presentation at Neurootologic and Equilibriometric Societies Tinnitus-Seminar at the METRC, N.Y., USA, 29 June, 1999.
  54. Myrhaug H. The theory of otosclerosis and Morbus Ménière (Labyrinthine vertigo) being caused by the same mechanism: physical irritants, an otognathic syndrome. Bergmanns Boktryckeri A/S, Bergen, Norway. 1981.
  55. Olivier J, Plath P. Combined low power laser therapy and extracts of Ginkgo biloba in a blind trial of treatment for tinnitus. Laser Therapy 1993; 5 (3): 137-139.
  56. Omura Y, Losco B, Omura A, Takeshige C, Hisamitsu T, Shimotsuura Y, Yamamoto S, Ishikawa H, Muteki T, Nakajima H, et al. Common factors contributing to intractable pain and medical problems with insufficient drug uptake in areas to be treated, and their pathogenesis and treatment: Part I. Combined use of medication with acupuncture, (+) Qi gong energy-stored material, soft laser or electrical stimulation. Acupunct Electrother Res. 1992; 17 (2): 107-148.
  57. Palchun V, Lapchenko A, Kadymova M, Kucherov A. Low-energy laser radiation in the combined treatment of sensorineural hearing loss and Menière's disease. Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1996; (1): 23-25.
  58. Pfeiffer N. Argon laser offers breakthrough in treating inner ear disorders. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1992 Aug; 10 (4): 311-313.
  59. Plath P, Olivier J. Results of combined low-power laser therapy and extracts of Ginkgo biloba in cases of sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 1995; 49: 101-104.
  60. Plewka C, Dejakum K, Piegger J, Gunkel A, Thumfart W, Göbel G, Freysinger W. Behandlung von Tinnitus mit Medium-Level Laser. Studienergebnisse. Österreichischer HNO-Kongress. 2005, s 48, V018.
  61. Pluzhnikov S, Ivanov B, Usanov A, Glukhova E. Use of intracavitary low-energy laser therapy in the complex treatment of inflammatory diseases of the sphenoid sinus. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 1986 Jul-Aug; (4): 72-73.
  62. Pluzhnikov M, Lopotko A, Gagauz A. Lasery v Rinofaringologii, Kishinev, Shtiinca 1991; 157.
  63. Pluzhnikov M, Lopotko A. Theoretical and practical knowledge of students in otorhinolaryngology in practice sessions and examinations. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 1993 Jul-Aug; (4): 55-56.
  64. Pluzhnikov M, Lopotko A. Low-intensity laser irradiation in otorhinolaryngology, Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1996; (2): 5-14.
  65. Procházka M, Tejnska R. Noninvasive laser therapy of tinnitus: In: A window on the laser medicine world. Proc. SPIE. 1999. Vol. 4166: 223-223.
  66. Procházka M, Tejnska R. Noninvasive laser therapy of tinnitus. Laser Partner, 2000; 4.
  67. Procházka M. Case Histories of Patients Suffering from Tinnitus Treated by Comprehensive Rehabilitation Therapy Including LLLT. Laser Partner, 2001; 48.
  68. Procházka M, Hahn A. Comprehensive laser rehabilitation therapy of tinnitus: long term double blind study in a group of 200 patients in three years. Laser Partner, 2002; 51.
  69. Procházka M. The Role of LLLT in Treatment of Tinnitus. Laser Partner, 2003; 61.
  70. Quittner M. Low Level Laser Therapy for Reduction of Tinnitus Symptoms. Swedish Laser Medical Society, Laser World, Guest Editorial, 2004.
  71. Rhee C, Lim E, Kim Y, Chung Y, Jung J, Chung P. Effect of low level laser (LLL) on cochlear and vestibular inner ear including tinnitus. Progress in biomedical optics and imaging 2006; 7 (1).
  72. Ribari O. Closure of tympanic perforations with low-energy HeNe laser irradiation. Acta Chir Academ Scient Hungaricae. 1980; 21 (3): 229-238.
  73. Ribari O. The stimulating effect of low power laser rays : experimental examinations in otorhinolaryngology. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord). 1981 Nov-Dec; 102 (11-12): 531-533.
  74. Richter C, Bayon R, Izzo A, Otting M, Suh E, Goyal S, Hotaling J, Walsh J. Optical stimulation of auditory neurons: Effects of acute and chronic deafening. Hear Res. 2008 Aug; 242 (1-2): 42-51.
  75. Sedlmaier B, Jovanovic S. Treatment of acute otitis media with the CO2 laser. HNO. 2000; 48 (8): 557-560.
  76. Sedlmaier B, Franke A, Sudhoff H, Jovanovic S, Haisch A. Photodynamic effect of argon and diode laser on cholesteatoma cell cultures after intravital staining with absorption enhancers. Lasers in Med Sci. 2005; 19 (4): 248-256.
  77. Shiomi Y. Effect of low power laser irradiation on inner ear. Pract Otol (Kyoto). 1994; 87: 1135-1140.
  78. Shiomi Y, Takahashi H, Honjo I, Kojima H, Naito Y, Fujiki N. Efficacy of transmeatal low power laser irradiation on tinnitus: a preliminary report. Auris Nasus Larynx. 1997; 24 (1): 39-42.
  79. Siedentopf C, Ischebeck A, Haala I, Mottaghy F, Schikora D, Verius M, Koppelstaetter F, Buchberger W, Schlager A, Felber S, Golaszewski S. Neural correlates of transmeatal cochlear laser (TCL) stimulation in healthy human subjects. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Jan 16; 411 (3): 189-193.
  80. Sugio Y, Nomura Y, Oki S. Argon laser irradiation to the semicircular canal. Laryngoscope. 1997 Aug; 107 (8): 1107-1111.
  81. Svistushkin V, Bezchinskaia M, Morozova S, Makeeva N. Use of helium-neon laser device LTM-01 in the treatment of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media. Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1992; (1): 16-18.
  82. Swoboda R, Schott A. Behandlung neurologischer erkrankungen mit Ginkgo biloba Hevert®, Hyperforat® und Low-Power-Laser-Therapie. Medizinische Akademie Erfurt, Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenerkrankungen. 1992.
  83. Tauber S, Beyer W, Baumgartner R E. al. Low-Level-Lasertherapie des Innenohres: eine dosimetrische Analyse der menschlichen Cochlea. Lasermedizin. 1998; 13 (3-4): 122.
  84. Tauber S, Baumgartner R, Schorn K, Beyer W. Lightdosimetric quantitative analysis of the human petrosus bone: experimental study for laser irradiation of the cochlea. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2001; 28: 18-26.
  85. Tauber S, Schorn K, Beyer W, Baumgartner R. Transmeatal cochlear laser (TCL) treatment of cochlear dysfunction: A feasibility study for chronic tinnitus. Lasers Med Sci. 2003; 18 (3): 154-161.
  86. Tauber S et al. Double blind study for Low Level Laser Therapy in patients with chronic cochlear dysfunction. Dept. of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE-Zentrum, Clinic of the University Munich, Germany.
  87. Teggi R, Bellini C, Fabiano B, Bussi M. Low-Level Laser Therapy for control of vertigo in Ménière Disease: a pilot study on 10 patients. ENT Dept. IRRCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University Milan, Italy. Photomed Laser Surg. 2008, 26 (4): 349-353.
  88. Teggi R, Bellini C, Piccioni LO, Palonta F, Bussi M. Transmeatal Low-Level Laser Therapy for Chronic Tinnitus with Cochlear Dysfunction. Audiol Neurootol. 2008 Oct 9; 14 (2): 115-120.
  89. Timirgaleev M, Shuster M, Gavrilenko S. Transtubal laser therapy of inflammatory diseases of the eustachian tube and middle ear. Vestnik Otorinolaringol. 1986; (1): 63-66.
  90. Wang F, Wang Z. Observation on clinical effect of 70 cases of acute otitis media treated by He-Ne laser irradiation on acupoints. Chin J Acupunct Moxibustion. 1991; 4 (1): 30-33.
  91. Wenzel G, Pikkula B, Choi C, Anvari B, Oghalai J. Laser Irradiation of the Guinea Pig Basilar Membrane. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2004; Vol. 35, 174-180.
  92. Wenzel G, Anvari B, Mazhar A, Pikkula B, Oghalai J. Laser-induced collagen remodeling and deposition within the basilar membrane of the mouse cochlea. Journal of Biomedical Optics. 2007; 12 (2): 1-7.
  93. Wilden L, Fritsch M. Tinnitus lindern durch Laserlicht. Werner Joop Verlag 1994/95/96/97, ISBN 3-926955-70-8.
  94. Wilden L, Dindinger D. Treatment of chronic diseases of the inner ear with low level laser therapy (LLLT). Laser Therapy, 1996; 8: 209-212.
  95. Wilden L. The effect of low level laser light on inner ear diseases. In: Low Level Laser Therapy. Clinical Practice and Scientific Background. Eds. Jan Tunér, Lars Hode. Prima Books in Sweden AB (1999). ISBN 91-630-7616-0.
  96. Wilden L, Ellerbrock D. Amelioration of the hearing capacity by low-level-laser-light (LLLL). Lasermedizin. 1999; 14: 129-138.
  97. Wilden L. Zur Wirkung von Low Level Laser Strahlung auf den zellulären Energietransfer. Laser Medizin. Volume 15, 1999/2000, No. 1-2.
  98. Wilden L. Results of patient survey conducted on more than 3000 patients over 13 years.
    Private Practice Dr. Wilden, Kurallee 16, 94072 Bad Füssing, Germany.
  99. Witt U, Felix C. Selective photo-biochemo-therapy in the combination of laser and ginkgo plant extracts acc. to the Witt method. Personal communication, 1989.
  100. Witt U. New alternative therapy against disorders of inner ear by combining the power of impuls-laser with ginkgo-extract (EGb 761). Material published on the Internet. 1996.
  101. Yong W, Young S, Ahn J, Chung P, Rhee C. Effect of low level laser on ototoxicity prevention of FM1-43 in postnatal organotypic culture of rat utricles. Progress in biomedical optics and imaging. 2007; 8 (1): Notes: 6424.
  102. Zachrisson B. Tinnitus treatment with laser in combination with pulsed electromagnetic field therapy. Summary published on the Internet, 2004.
  103. Zazzio M. Pain Threshold Improvement for Chronic Hyperacusis Patients in a Prospective Clinical Study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010 Jun; 28 (3): 371-377. PubMed - PMID: 19821704.
  104. Zazzio M. Light penetration of the tissue of the hearing organ on pig irradiating with a 650 nm LASER light probe from outside the tympanic membrane. Evidence material published on the Internet in November 2006 at www.alir.nu/medicin.

Otoneurological studies on pulsed elektromagnetic fields (rTMS) [64]:

  1. Been G, Ngo T, Miller S, Fitzgerald P. The use of tDCS and CVS as methods of non-invasive brain stimulation. Brain Res Rev. 2007 Dec; 56 (2): 346-361.
  2. Bogomilskii M, Sapozhnikov I, Zaslavskii A, Tarutin N. The treatment of hypoacusis in children by using a pulsed low-frequency electromagnetic field. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 1996; (6): 23-26.
  3. De Ridder D, De Mulder G, Walsh V, Muggleton N, Sunaert S, Møller A. Magnetic and electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex for intractable tinnitus. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2004 Mar; 100 (3): 560-564.
  4. De Ridder D, Verstraeten E, Van der Kelen K, De Mulder G, Sunaert S, Verlooy J, Van de Heyning P, Moller A. Transcranial magnetic stimulation for tinnitus: influence of tinnitus duration on stimulation parameter choice and maximal tinnitus suppression. Otol Neurotol. 2005 Jul; 26 (4): 616-619.
  5. De Ridder D, De Mulder G, Verstraeten E, Van der Kelen K, Sunaert S, Smits M, Kovacs S, Verlooy J, Van de Heyning P, Moller A. Primary and secondary auditory cortex stimulation for intractable tinnitus. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2006; 68 (1): 48-54; discussion 54-55.
  6. De Ridder D, van der Loo E, Van der Kelen K, Menovsky T, van de Heyning P, Moller A. Theta, alpha and beta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation: brain modulation in tinnitus. Int J Med Sci. 2007 Oct 9; 4 (5): 237-241.
  7. De Ridder D, van der Loo E, Van der Kelen K, Menovsky T, van de Heyning P, Moller A. Do tonic and burst TMS modulate the lemniscal and extralemniscal system differentially? Int J Med Sci. 2007 Oct 9; 4 (5): 242-246.
  8. De Ridder D, De Mulder G, Verstraeten E, Seidman M, Elisevich K, Sunaert S, Kovacs S, Van der Kelen K, Van de Heyning P, Moller A. Auditory cortex stimulation for tinnitus. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2007; 97 (Pt 2): 451-462.
  9. De Ridder D, Menovsky T, van de Heyning P. Auditory cortex stimulation for tinnitus suppression. Otol Neurotol. 2008 Jun; 29 (4): 574-575; author reply 575.
  10. Dornhoffer J, Mennemeier M. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and tinnitus: implications for theory and practice. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007 Feb; 78 (2): 113.
  11. Eichhammer P, Kleinjung T, Landgrebe M, Hajak G, Langguth B. TMS for treatment of chronic tinnitus: neurobiological effects. Prog Brain Res. 2007; 166: 369-375.
  12. Eichhammer P, Langguth B, Marienhagen J, Kleinjung T, Hajak G. Neuronavigated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with tinnitus: a short case series. Biol Psychiatry. 2003 Oct 15; 54 (8): 862-865.
  13. Fiedler S, Pilkington H, Willatt D. Electromagnetic stimulation as a treatment of tinnitus: a further study. Clin Otolaryngol 1998; 23: 270
  14. Fierro M, Bobadilla H, Córdoba-R R, Vanegas C, Olarte A. Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation in a patient with chronic bilateral tinnitus. Rev Neurol. 2006 Dec 16-31; 43 (12): 758-759.
  15. Folmer R. Transcranial magnetic stimulation for tinnitus. Otol Neurotol. 2005 Nov; 26 (6): 1262; author reply 1262-1263.
  16. Folmer R, Carroll J, Rahim A, Shi Y, Hal Martin W. Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on chronic tinnitus. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 2006 Dec; (556): 96-101.
  17. Fregni F, Marcondes R, Boggio P, Marcolin M, Rigonatti S, Sanchez T, Nitsche M, Pascual-Leone A. Transient tinnitus suppression induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. Eur J Neurol. 2006 Sep; 13 (9): 996-1001.
  18. Greenough C. The effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on blood vessel growth in the rabbit ear chamber. J Orthop Res. 1992; 10 (2): 256-262.
  19. Hesse G. Transcranial magnetic stimulation. A new "magic bullet" against chronic tinnitus? HNO. 2006 Jun; 54 (6): 436-438.
  20. Khedr E, Rothwell J, Ahmed M, El-Atar A. Effect of daily repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of tinnitus: comparison of different stimulus frequencies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Feb; 79 (2): 212-215.
  21. Khedr EM, Rothwell JC, El-Atar A. One-year follow up of patients with chronic tinnitus treated with left temporoparietal rTMS. Eur J Neurol. 2009 Jan 16.
  22. Kleinjung T, Eichhammer P, Langguth B, Jacob P, Marienhagen J, Hajak G, Wolf S, Strutz J. Long-term effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in patients with chronic tinnitus. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005 Apr; 132 (4): 566-569.
  23. Kleinjung T, Steffens T, Langguth B, Eichhammer P, Marienhagen J, Hajak G, Strutz J.
    Treatment of chronic tinnitus with neuronavigated repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS). HNO. 2006 Jun; 54 (6): 439-444.
  24. Kleinjung T, Steffens T, Strutz J, Eichhammer P, Hajak G, Langguth B. Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus. HNO. 2006 Sep; 54 (9): 665-666. Review.
  25. Kleinjung T, Steffens T, Londero A, Langguth B. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for treatment of chronic tinnitus: clinical effects. Prog Brain Res. 2007; 166: 359-367. Review.
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Medically responsible at the clinic: Reg. Nur. Michael Zazzio

Audio Laser-Kliniken ALIR
Audio Laser Instant Reflection
Flygeln / Frikyrkan
 Parkgatan 2
360 51   Hovmantorp
Sweden

phone: +46 – 478 – 417 37
 e.mail:  alc@mail.nu
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